Car construction.



L. D. GREGG. CAR CONSTRUCTION. APPucAnoN FILED APR. 14. IBM.

Patented Nov 2?, 19171 2 SHEETSSHEET I.

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' GREGG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hackensack, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in'Car Constructions; and I do declare the follow ing to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a .part of this specification.

My invention relates to car-frame construction, and more particularly to the fastening of the end-uprightsor end racks to the underframe, or car body; It has for its object to effect greater strengthof connection between the end uprights and car body so as to afford greater resistance to the lever age of the load pressing outward on the end uprights, which'advantage is gained by having the contact points at which thestrain occurs disposed at the maximum permissible It has also for its object to obtain the maximum strength "of .the means connecting the end uprights to the car bodywhich is efiected'by disposing bracing -.clips in relation to the endvuprights and car body so that direct tension is brought to bear on the angle cli-pin a direction through or cross-wise of the angle of the clip so that 'the maximum strength of the clip is utilized and thetendency of the clip to straighten or its flanges to be bent or deflected is eliminated.-. 1

It has "also for its object. afastening, for connecting together the end sills of the car body and the bracing angle clips so that the tendency of the fastening means to twist or slant in the direction ofstrainwill be overcome, which advantage is attained bypass- .ing the fastening means, which may be a bolt, through the end sill from top to'bottorn as well as through the top and the bottom angle clips.- a a 4 It has alsofor its object to provide a construction in which the cubicalspace occupied 60.

or transportation will be the minimum and 1 thus storage or transportation charges mateby; the end'fra-Ines, or racks, during storage rially reduced, and this advantage; is ob tained by attaching and disposing the angle clipsin relation to the end uprights sothat Specification of Letters Patent.

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Patented Nov. 2?, 191i 't.

Application filed April 14., we. SerialNo.162,039.

the flanges or wings of the angle clips may lie or extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the end uprights before the end uprights are attached to thecar underframe or bod L and such other objects as may hereinafter appear, the inventionconsists in the features hereinafter described and then sought to. be clearly defined by the claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, and in which F1gure 1 1s a perspective of a car wlth the invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a detail, sectional view, enlarged scale, on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section one line 33 of Fig, 2;

Fig. l is a perspective of two of theupright ends,.or racks, assembled for shipsills 2, illustrated as of channel iron, and

end uprights, or racks 3 composed, as shown,

of the. upright angle bars 4; and cross bars 5 The vertical bars of the end uprights are provided at their lower portions with angle clips 6 attached at one end to the vertical bars by rivets 7 passing through one wing of the clips and the verticaltbars, and disposed. at such distances apart that the v lowermost clips will extend beneath the lower edge ofthe end sill and theuppermost clips extend over the top edge of the sill. These angle clips are so disposed inrelation to the end sill that when in position for being fastened to the sill the angle ofthe clips will extend or lie transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vertical bars of the enduprights and in the direction of the length of the. cartunderframe so that when and to the sills direct tension isbrought to bear on theangle clips in a direction through or. crosswise of the angle of the clips and thus the maximum-strength of the angle clip the underframe, or car body, having the end the clips are fastened to the end uprights uppermost clips and down through the flanges of the channel iron constituting the sill and through the lowermost clips as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing. on'e set of bolts were u'sedfor fastening the'i' fiper'rnost clips t'othe sill and another set for" a'ttacl'iingthe :lowermost clips, there would be a tendency of the bolts to twist or assume a slanting position in the-directionfof' strain on the bolts as the bolt holes are almost invariably punched so much larger than the :diameter of the bolts that thebolt's fit loosely in the holes. fBut by usi g asingle bolt and passing it through both upper "and lower clips as well .as through the end sill from top-tobottom this twisting or slaiiting is prevented, and it is made possible to employ cotter-pinsinstead of-nuts at the ends of the bolts for holding the bolts in place if it be desired to use'that means.

In cars of this type it is usual to fasten th'e'vertical'bars' of the end-uprights or racks to the end sills by two bolts passing transversely' through the sill and each upright bar. Accordingly the space between each two bolts, one above the other, is very small a d as "the bolts onstitute the contact points atwhichthefstriain comes, this makes the leverageof the load in the carpressing outward on ;the end uprights, very severe on the-fastenings of the end uprights to the sill. .By applying the fastening bolts, however, "as illustrated, that is at the top and the bottom of the sill, the contact points at itfhich the strain comes are at the maximum permissible distance apart, being as far apart" as the full depth ofjthechannel bar sill, and thus the-strain is distributed and greaterstrengthobtained. For illustration,

ina carhavingafive inch channel bar end sill with the fastening bolts passed through the end uprights and the sill in"the-direcinches, ,o1"-.a"- fra ction more than the full hfthe end sill.

".'A"further additional advantage of at- '"tafching an'd disposing the angle "clips to the end ,u'prig'hts inthe relation specified "is that prior to fastening the end uprights to sills, the angle clips may have their wingsstana or extend-in the direction of the-longitudinal axis of the end'uprights as ill'ustratedin Figs. 4, 5 and Sand thusbe Y tau-sea to-o'ccupy less cubical space so that 'tached. I i v v QiIn' car construction, thecombinatlon charges for storage or for freight transportation will be materially decreased where the char es depend on the cubical space occupied. The cubical dimensions, calgn lated according to the extreme depth byextreme width by extreme length, is what governs in determining freight" charges for most ocean steamer freight. On oneend upright or rack with'theangle clips disposed so that the wings of the clips will extend or lie in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vertical bars constituting the end uprights as illustrated in full-:lineslin Fig. 6, the freight charge would be approximately onehalf of what it would be'if the clips stood in their 'relation to the upright bars illus trated by dottedlines inthesame figure. The construction described also makes it possible to bun'dletogether two-of the end=uprights asillustratedlin Fig. 4c tosave measurement and thus further reduce freight charges. ,The clips may be riveted .to the bars of the end uprights iii the position shown in fulllines, or in .the',positioni;indi cated in dotted lines in thesame figure? and then turned to the: position shown in full lines, for the properdisposition' of .theangle clips for shipment. of theend uprights, and 7 when the end uprights are to ,beassembled with the end sills the angle clips-will .be

a car underframe but it is obvious that the invention is the same whethier applied tothe end sills or to side sills or to; both endiand side sills, and the designation end up rights is therefore tobe understood and read as appliedto either the sides .or ends of a car underframe sills. 1 j I have illustrated and described wit-h particularity the preferred details ofeeach of the several features I of the invention but changes may be made flin the detailsian'd essential features of'theqinvention retained. Having described my! invention and l set forth its *merits, what is claimed is:

1. Incar construction, the combination witlr the car-un'derframe and end uprights,- of angle cllps connect ngnthezend uprights and sills of the underframe, the'clipsjbeing :SO disposed in; relation to the endnupri hts and underframe that the angle .of;the '0 'ps will lietra'nsversely to -the longitudinal axis of-the end uprights and tothelongitudinal axis ofthe sill 'to -which the clipsare atwith the car-'underframe and end uprights,

attachingzthe' angle 'clipswas deof means connecting the end uprights and sills of the underframe, the points of attachment of said means to the end uprights being substantially above and below the top and bottom of the car sills so that the points of strain will be spaced apart substantially the depth of the sill.

3. In car construction, the combination with the car-underframe and end uprights, of angle clips connecting the end uprights and sills of the underframe, the clips being attached to the end uprights and to the sills above and below the sills and so disposed that the angles of the clips will lie transversely to the longitudinal axis of the end uprights and to the longitudinal axis of the sills to which the clips are attached.

l. In car construction, the combination with the car underfranie and end upright-s, of angle clips connecting the end uprights and sills of the car and disposed above and below the sills, said clips being attached at one end to the end uprights and at the other end connected to the sills by bolts passing through the upper and the lower clips and through the sills from top to bottom.

5. In car construction, the combination with the car underframe and end uprights, of angle clips connecting the end uprights and sills of the car above and below the sills and so disposed that the angles of the clips will lie transversely of the longitudinal axis of the end uprights and of the longitudinal axis of the sills to which the clips are attached, said clips being attached at one end to the end uprights and at the other end connected to the sills by bolts passing through the sills from top to bottom.

6. in car construction, end uprights comprising vertical bars and angle clips at tached to the bars for connecting the end uprights to the sills of a car-underframe, said clips being so disposed and attached to the bars of the end uprights that in one po- Copies of this patent may he obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner oi Patents. Washington, D. C. 

